Life Saving Benevolent Association of New York Records

The Life Saving Benevolent Association of New York (LSBA) was founded in 1849 by a group of private citizens including merchants, ship-owners, and underwriters who were dedicated to saving lives from coastal shipwrecks and rewarding acts of heroism in saving lives at sea. The first board meeting was held in 1849 at the office of the Atlantic Mutual Insurance company at the merchant’s exchange on Wall Street. LSBA’s original charter stated that the purpose of the Association was to “recognize and reward courage, skill and seamanship in the rescue of human life on the sea or any navigable waters (or lakes connected therewith), and to award medals, medal pins, and sums of money for life-saving; to encourage training in seamanship, lifeboat work, methods of rescue in the water, and the resuscitation of victims of submersion, and to perform such other services of benevolent, charitable, and educational nature as are authorized by its Act of Incorporation or the General Laws of the State of New York.”

The unprotected and unguarded shores of New York Harbor resulted in many shipwrecks and crew casualties: between 1839 and 1848 there were 338 shipwrecks on the coasts of New Jersey and Long Island.

The United States Congress appropriated funds for lifesaving equipment, including surf boats, rockets, and carronades (cannons). LSBA established twenty-six lifesaving stations in the New York area. Volunteer rescue teams, comprised mostly of fishermen and their families, staffed the units along with a station keeper who was paid 40 dollars a month. Crews of six to twelve were on emergency call. LSBA furnished each station with equipment to aid in saving lives from shipwrecks, including a galvanized iron Francis lifeboat trailed by an eleven-foot 225 pound life-car. The system, pioneered by Joseph Francis, was responsible for saving 2,150 lives during the first three years of the station.

The life-car used to rescue the stranded British ship Ayrshire on January 12, 1850 is now on display at the Smithsonian Institute’s National Museum of American History. The Ayrshire, most likely carrying Irish immigrants fleeing the potato famine, ran aground on a sand bar off the New Jersey shore at Squan Beach, (now known as Manasquan), during a snow storm. All but one of the 166 passengers 36 crewmembers from the Ayrshire were saved.

Private citizens who lived along the shore often volunteered to shelter survivors of shipwrecks in their homes. A women’s group, whose president was Lucy Hayes, wife of President Rutherford B. Hayes, also offered support. Congress later doubled its appropriations to LSBA and authorized life saving stations to be built every five miles from Montauk to Cape May.

The United States government took over the operations of the life saving stations during World War I as the stations were absorbed into what became the United States Coast Guard. The life saving stations now stretch along both coasts of the United States, the Great Lakes, and the Mississippi. LSBA continued its involvement with the life-saving stations and gave gifts including radios and books to the stations’ crews.

LSBA recognizes people who exhibit meritorious conduct in rescues by granting rewards, donations and premiums in money, medals, diplomas and letters of thanks and commendations. Today, LSBA continues to reward individuals involved in lifesaving water rescues.

The first LSBA award was given to Benjamin Downing for his August 25, 1850 rescue of a man. He found two men clinging to a capsized schooner off the coast of Eaton’s Neck, Long Island. Downing, who had only one arm, and his sixteen-year-old son used two yoke of oxen to draw the lifeboat to shore, and was able to save one of the men. He was awarded 50 dollars and a medal. Ida Lewis-Wilson received several awards for her 18 rescues in Lime Rock, Rhode Island. She made the last recorded rescue when she was 63 years old. Wayne Saulnier, who had received four previous LSBA awards, and William J. Landon of the New York Police Department are recent award recipients. They received awards at a 1999 ceremony for their October 1998 rescue of a windsurfer off Plum Beach in Brooklyn. The man was too exhausted to paddle ashore so Landon and Saulnier towed him in on jet skis. John Cummings of the NYPD was presented with an award for his role in a December 1997 rescue of two members of the crew of the cruise ship Edinburgh Castle. The crewmembers were on a lifeboat that overturned during a training exercise in 40-degree water. Officers in scuba gear located a crewman who, panicked and cold, refused to swim ashore with them. Cummings coordinated the cutting of a hole through the boat’s overturned hull to remove him. Many of the precipitating causes of rescues in the early years of LSBA, including suicide attempts and swimmers with cramps, are still occurring in the twenty-first century.

Since LSBA began issuing commendations, it has honored the lifesaving efforts of more than 1,000 police officers, firefighters, and civilians. LSBA continues to accept applications for awards throughout the year.

LSBA has also contributed towards lodging and feeding unemployed seamen in the New York area. In 1932 LSBA created a scholarship fund for the N.Y. Merchant Marine Academy to offer loans for tuition and expenses. In addition, LSBA contributes to nonprofit organizations that promote maritime safety. Recipients of LSBA donations have included the New York Maritime College, the Maine Maritime Academy, and the Seamen's Church Institute.

The original charter stipulated that an annual meeting be held on the second Wednesday of January to report on the affairs of the corporation. The Association has held a meeting every year at the time specified in the charter. In addition, meetings are help by special committees.

The trademark of LSBA was made by marine artist Gordon Grant. It is a sketch of a man in oilskin, poised with a life preserver.

In January 2009 the Seamen’s Church Institute (SCI) assumed the administration of the LSBA from the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company. Atlantic Mutual was one of the first members of the LSBA The LSBA has had close ties with SCI for years and held its annual ceremonies at the SCI headquarters. LSBA remains independent, and SCI administers the clerical and organizational responsibilities for the LSBA Board. SCI processes and validates the applications the LSBA receives, coordinates meetings of the Board, and assists the Board in determining the reward recipients. The Reverend David Rider, President and Executive Director of SCI commented on the new partnership that, “The water can be a dangerous place, and the Association has encouraged training in seamanship and water rescue—something to which SCI is deeply committed. The Life Saving Benevolent Association honors those who have—in the face of danger—shown extraordinary bravery, and we are proud to help them as they recognize these heroic men and women.”